نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه تاریخ تمدن اسلامی مجتمع تاریخ، سیره وتمدن اسلامی، جامعه المصطفی العالمیه قم، ایران
2 گروه تاریخ معاصر ،مجتمع آموزش عالی تاریخ سیره و تمدن اسلامی،جامعة المصطفی العالمیه ،قم،افغانستان.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The Hirmand River plays a vital role in supplying drinking water, agriculture, and environmental needs for both Iran and Afghanistan. Disputes over the Hirmand’s waters date back to the period of Sistan’s division by the British government and the delineation of geographical borders between the two countries. This article examines the historical process of this dispute during three periods—the Qajar era, the Pahlavi era, and after the Islamic Revolution—and the factors influencing it. The findings show that the lack of resolution of this conflict and its continuation is due to a set of natural and human factors, including climate change, droughts, and shifts in the riverbed. However, human factors are of greater significance, encompassing Iran’s weak diplomacy in all three political periods, the interference of regional and extra-regional powers, Afghanistan’s socio-political developments, and the lack of genuine resolve among that country’s officials to address the Hirmand water issue.
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